Description of Pet Diagnostic Kit
DETAILS
Canine test
Respiratory Disease：
Canine Distemper (CDV) Canine Influenza (CIV)
Canine Parainfluenza (CPIV) Canine Adenovirus II (CAV- II)
Canine Adenovirus I (CAV- I)
Digestive system Disease：
Canine Parvovirus (CPV) Canine Coronavirus (CCV)
Canine Rotavirus (CRV)
Others：
Canine Heartworm (CHW) Canine Leishmania (LSH Ab)
Canine Brucella (C. Brucella Ab)
Feline test
Feline Panleukopenia (FPV) Feline Infectiours Peritonitis (FIPV)
Feline Leukemia (FeLV) Feline Immunodeficiency (FIV)
Feline Toxoplasmosis Ag (TOXO Ag)
Other test
Giardia (Giardia) Toxoplasma gondii Ag (TOXO Ag)
Rabies (Rabies) Ehrlichia Ab
Duo test
FIV Ab + FeLV Ag CPV Ag + CCV Ag
CDV Ag + CAV-II Ag CDV Ag + CPIV Ag
Customized test
Customized depends on your required.
Principle of Pet Diagnostic Kit
Wondcon Pet Diagnostic Rapid Test is based on sandwich lateral flow immunochromatographic assay. The test device has a testing window. It has an invisible T (test) zone and C (control) zone. When sample is applied into the sample hole on the device, the liquid will laterally flow on the surface of the test strip. If there is enough antigen/antibody in the sample, a visible T band will appear. The C band should always appear after a sample is applied, indicating a valid result. By this means, the device can accurately indicate the presence of the antigen/ antiboy in the sample. With the positive or negative result, veterinarian can make better understanding on the diagnosis in practice.
Operation & Attentions
A. SAMPLING METHOD
The sampling method and sample derivation contribute an important effect to the accuracy of diagnosis in clinical practice.
Please refer to below table for the suggested sampling method.
Pet Diagnostic Kit Sample derivation
Canine Diagnostic Respiratory System Distemper (CDV) Nasal, eye secretions, Saliva, Serum
Parainfluenza (CPIV) Oral, nasopharyngeal secretions
Adenovirus II (CAV-П) Oral, nasopharyngeal secretions
Influenza (CIV) Nasal secretionsin the inner wall Nasal secretions
Adenovirus I (CAV-I) Oral, nasopharyngeal secretions
Digestive system Parvovirus (CPV) Feces, or vomit
Coronavirus (CCV) Feces, or vomit
Rotavirus (CRV) Feces, or vomit
Giardia (Giardia) Feces, or vomit Feces sample
Other
Heartworm (CHW) Serum, plasma or the whole blood
Leishmania (LSH Ab) Serum sample
Brucella (C. Brucella Ab) Serum sample
Toxoplasma gondii Ag (TOXO Ag) Serum sample
Feline Diagnostic
Panleukopenia (FPV) Feces, or vomit
Infectious Peritonitis (FIPV Ag） Serum, ascites, or feces Blood/Serum sample
Leukemia (FeLV) Serum, plasma or whole blood
Immunodeficiency(FIV) Serum, plasma or whole blood
Other
Toxoplasma gondii Ag(TOXO Ag) Feces, or serum
Giardia Ag (Giardia) Feces
Rabies Ag (Rabies) Saliva or brain tissue fluid
B. TESTING PROCEDURE & ATTENTIONS
Take out the test card from the foil pouch and place horizontally on a desk. Gradually drip 3~4
drops of liquid sample into the sample hole. The testing usually performs within 5 to 20 minutes.
Some sera may have high viscosity which can cause a slow migrant. In this condition, it is suggested to
add another 1 or 2 more drops of assay buffer and push the lateral flow. When the red liquid smoothly
flows through the membrane, we can expect a valid result in most conditions.
If the feces sample is cloudy, the sample hole may be blocked and the liquid could not smoothly
move on the membrane. For feces sampling, it is suggested to be sufficiently mixed with the assay
buffer and settle for 1 minute. The clean supernatant is available for running the assay. Please refer to
below sketch.
ATTENTIONS：
• The sample should be mixed sufficiently with the assay buffer before running assay.
• Gradually drip (interval: 1-2 s) sample liquid with 3-4 drops. Wait the red liquid move in the test
window.
• If no red liquid appears in 30 seconds after the dripping, place 1or 2 drops more.
• To avoid the liquid overflow, it is not suggested to top up the sample hole at a time.
C. INTERPRETATION OF THE RESULTS
①Positive: The presence of both C band and T band, no matter T band is clear or vague.
②Negative: Only clear C band appears, no T band.
③Invalid: No colored band appears in C zone, no matter T band appears or not.
ATTENTIONS：
• Please adhere to the product insert to interpret the results. Over this time, the test band
may be effected by some other factors, such as counter-flow. We do not suggest interpret the
result long time after the assay runs.
• When weak positive happens, please note a fact. If the T line can be seen by a quick glance,
we consider it as positive. If it shows a vague shadow by careful study, it is usually an
unspecific reaction and can be considered as negative.
Frequent Ask Questions – Pet Test
The sense of T/C band color depth All pet diagnostic kits are based on sandwich antigen/antibodies leteral flow immunoassay.
The C band is the control band. Its sense is to indicate whether reaction has happened in the test strip.
The color depth makes no sense when a C band is visible. It may be different in different commercial
brands.
The T band is the test band. The sense of T band is to indicate the test result. When the virus
concentration reach the detection limit of the rapid test, the color depth reflects high or low virus
contained in the sample.
The T band of different brand for the same sample may be different. That is because different brand
products have different production technology to the rapid test. The deaper color depth of T band
may have a weaker sensitivity. The sensitivity can be evaluated by a reduced gradient dilution to the
vaccine (i.e. Intervet brand).
“White Board” phenomenon There is no any T or C band in the reaction window (zone) while
sample is added.
● The sample dropping speed is fast and the liquid amount is too much(usually more than5 drops
or even more). Then the liquid flow beyond the surface of reaction membrane instead of migrating
through the membrane layer, So most sample won’t contact antibody in T and C zone and there won’t
be T and C band.
● Maybe the liquid amount isn’t sufficient to go through the reaction membrane. One more drop
sample is needed to push the liquid migrate onto the membrane. Maybe the plastic cassette is too
tight and the liquid is difficult to pass through the pressed part. It’s better to unclench the plastic
cassette a little bit to drive the liquid to come to the membrane.
● The test kit was stored in wrong ways and the antibodies on the T/C zone lose activity.
● The test is negative and no C band appear. On the other hand, there is some crossreaction from
the sample to the antibody of C band and it won’t come too. Detailed reason need to be checked by
other way.
Late coming of T band If the animal is in the latent period, the amount of virus excretion is possibly
in a low level. The color of T band may be unclear in the first 3-5 minutes. After 10 minutes reaction,
the color will become deeper and visible.
“Backflow” phenomenon A faint T band may appear after half an hour or even more when the
sample is confirmed to be negative. Please note that the result of the lateral flow test must be read
within the specified time according to product insert. The sample added from sample hole will
migrates forward continuously since absorbent paper is absorbing liquid. At the same time the liquid
will evaporate all the migration way. Normally the liquid in the sample hole evaporated sooner than
that in the absorbent paper. So the liquid in the absorbent paper will come back through the reaction
area and the migration speed will become much slow. Some colloid gold migrating back will be binded
unspecificly by T band and here coming a faint T band. That is why the reading time is always specified
for every test.
“T band” lost The reason is the too high concentration of virus in sample. When the concentration
of virus is very high, the immunogold can only combine with part of virus and form a red conjugate.
When the red conjugate passes T zone, it is captured by the antibodies in T zone and forms a red T
band. At the mean time, the uncombined virus will compete the antibodies with the red conjugate
and push out the conjugate. So that the red band will fade and even disappear
“C band” lost If an potential infected animal has experienced therapy of mouse Ig G, or cause of
other possibilities, a second antibody to mouse Ig G will be generated in its body. That will cause a
problem to the sample from the animal. The second antibody to mouse Ig G will bind to the C line
which stabilized with a mouse Ig G. Then C line will disappear.
Different brands, different results to one sample Different brands may choose different epitopes
of a virus for antibodies design. Meanwhile, the epitopes will possibly mutates in the spreading.
Strains in different areas may exist antigenic drift. Thus, with one brand test card may not detect out
all variants of some virus. Besides, when a pet is in his early period of disease, the concentration of
virus is in a low level. Differences of result may occur to different sampling mehods or time.
Increase the accuracy of CDV Ag test card
Canine distemper includes four types clinically, respiratory type, neurological type, gastrointestinal
type and mixed type. At early stage of infection, few virus is present in the secretion and the
inactivation easily occurs in the air. Besides, the personal error of sampling may also lead to a false
negative result. It is suggested to collect secretions from mouth, nose and eyes and mix them together
into the assay buffer.
Regarding the gastrointestinal type Distemper, it is commonly overlooked. It is suggested to collect
feces or cloacal secretions as specimen.
There is virus generation in early stage of Canine Distemper. If collect serum for sample, the result
would be more accurate. It is also available if collecting 1-2 drops of the whole blood and mix into the
assay buffer tube which contains the collected secretions.
Parvovirus diagnosis
At the early stage of infection, the dog can discharge a great quantity of parvovirus within the feces. It
is easy to be deteced out by a rapid test. But in the late stage, lots of excreted Ig A and blood Ig M will
enter the intestinal tract. So that the virus will be neutralized by the antibodies and agglutinate
together. False negative may happen to the Parvovirus rapid test in that stage. So, we suggest
veterinarians to consider more with the clinical symptoms and other physical indexes for a
comprehensive diagnosis.
Futher more, Corona virus, Rotavirus, Giardia can cause similar clinical symptoms as Parvovirosis.
Wondcon has also developed rapid test kit for these diseases. An easay and rapid differential diagnosis
is available for your choice in practice.
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